Sweeteners

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a kind of nutritional (including caloric) sweetener which is processed from corn. It is widely used in carbonated drinks, fruit juice drinks, sports drinks and snacks, syrup, jelly and other sugar products.The contention of fructose may come up to 70% to 90%, and the rest is glucose.

Crystalline fructose
Crystalline fructose has been widely used in worldwide. For example, it is an ingredient source in food industry, and it is usually a substitute for sugar in high-grade nutritional food or cooking in family. Crystalline fructose has been entered up in the Pharmacopoeia as the oral dosage or injection, especially for diabetic patients by Europe, the United States and other countries. Crystalline fructose is also used for a variety of special dietary products, such as sports drinks, functional foods and some sugar-free foods.

L-Arabinose
The functions of L-Arabinose are as follows: it can inhibit the metabolism and absorption of sucrose, control blood sugar and prevent constipation; it can also inhibit fat formation, promote the growth of bifidobacteria and influence the component of skeletal muscle.

Isomaltulose
Isomaltulose is only about half sweetness of sucrose, so it suitable for low-sweet candy, cakes and other foods, and usually used for diabetic patients.

Lactulose
Lactulose can not be assimilate in the small intestine, and only reach the large intestine can it be used by bifidobacteria and heighten the proliferative activity of it. Therefore lactulose is classified as low calorific sweetener and food additives. In addition to that, it used in medicine for the treatment of constipation and the venous system disease.

Raffinose
Raffinose can pass through the stomach and intestines without being absorbed. Raffinose is an excellent source of nutrition and effective growth factors of human intestinal bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus acidophilus and other probiotics. Raffinose can improve bowel function and the body’s digestive function, promote the body to absorb calcium, and enhance human immunity eventually. Raffinose have obvious effects on disease prevention and anti-aging. Raffinose is the main component which can protect transmission fluid of living human and animal organ transplant, and also it can extend the survival time of viable body at room temperature.

Soybean oligosaccharides（SBOS）
The main functions are as follows: prevent from constipation, make our intestines clean, promote the proliferation of intestinal bifidobacteria, decrease serum cholesterol, protect our liver, and inhibit the formation of corruption in our intestines.

Fructose oligosaccharide (FOS)
In addition to the general physical and chemical properties of oligosaccharides, the most striking physiological feature of fructose oligosaccharide is that it can significantly improve the proportion of intestinal microbial community. Fructose oligosaccharide is the activation factors of growth of intestinal bifidobacteria. It can reduce the formation of corruption, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in our intestines and regulate intestinal balance ultimately. Fructose oligosaccharide can promote the absorption and utilization of Ferrum and Calcium in order to prevent osteoporosis. It has significant anti-cancer function because of the reduction of liver toxins and generation of organic acid in the intestine. It tastes sweet and delicious, with similar fat creamy flavor and refreshing feeling.

Galacto-oligosaccharide
Galacto-oligosaccharide can contribute to an increase of bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. It will not lead to weight gain because of its low heat. It can decrease the incident of dental caries, protect the liver, and improve the absorption of minerals such as Calcium, Ferrum and Zinc. It can improve the lipid metabolism, reduce blood fat and cholesterol, as well as promote digestion, prevent constipation, lower blood pressure and so on.

Isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO)
Isomalto-oligosaccharide can promote the growth and reproduction of bifidobacteria, with low sweetness and have a good anti-caries effect.

Erythritol
The saccharinity of erythritol is only 70% of sucrose. Its low calorie and low moisture absorption, as well as good crystallinity and good thermal stability make it plays an important role in improving the quality of chocolate, chewing gum, soft drinks and candies. Erythritol can make tooth cleaning and protect the oral health so it is often used as a sweetener or for weight loss health food. Because of its natural, low calorie, non moisture absorption, high stability and resistance to digestive and other features, it has a good application in the food industry.

Xylitol
The sweetness of xylitol may up to 1.2 times of sucrose, which is the best anti-caries sweetener.

Sorbitol
Sorbitol can be used for the treatment of cerebral edema and glaucoma; it can also be used to treat edema and oliguria. Sorbitol and glucose in the same sweetness, sorbitol is slowly absorbed and used in the body, but does not increase blood sugar level. Sorbitol is also a good humectant and surfactant.

Mannitol
In the pharmaceutical industry，mannitol is a good diuretic, it can reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure. Mannitol is often used as sugar substitute, tablet excipient and diluent of solid or liquid. In addition, mannitol is also used as hangover medicine, mouth refreshing agent and so on. In the food industry, mannitol, compare with other carbohydrate and alditol, have the smallest water absorption, and also, it taste sweet. For these two reasons above, mannitol is often used as the anti-sticking powder of cakes and other foods. Mannitol can also be used as sweeteners in foods for diabetic. In the industry, mannitol can be used for the plastics industry, manufacturing artificial glycerin rosin, explosives, and detonators and so on. In the chemical analysis, mannitol is often used for determination of boron, and culture medium for bacteria in biological tests. Although mannitol can be absorbed by the gastrointestinal, but it can not be accumulated in our body. In our body, some mannitol is metabolized, and the rest is discharged from urine. Dibromo-mannitol can be obtained after hydrobromic acid reaction.

Maltitol
Features: anti-caries; promote the absorption of calcium; stimulate insulin secretion; inhibit the excessive accumulation of body fat; difficult to digest and so on.

Isomalt
Features: suitable for diabetic patients; non-induced dental caries; low calorie, is suitable for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and fear of fat people eating; high tolerance; reasonable negative heat of solution; pure natural sweet; high stability; non-hygroscopic; a good factor for bifidobacteria proliferation.

Stevioside
The sweetness of stevioside as 180-200 times as sucrose, with a slight bitterness of menthol and a certain degree of astringency.

Mogroside
The sweetness is about 300 times of sucrose, heat stabile, acid stabile, with longer sweet retention times. It can treat colds, throat pain and stomach upset. Mogroside can add to all kinds of foods and drinks as health care products. Long-term consumption of these products have health benefits.

Glycyrrhizin
Glycyrrhizin is the active ingredient of licorice sweetin. It is a very promising natural sweetener. It has high sweetness (sweetness is about 80-300 times of sucrose), low calorie, non-toxic and security, strong effects of health care. It is a ideal sweetener for patients with hypertension, obesity, diabetes and heart disease.

Megasweet
Megasweet has been widely used because of its advantages. The advantages are non-toxic, low heat, high-sweet, dose’t lead to weight gain, does not cause tooth decay, without cardiovascular disease and so on.

Alitame
2000 times sweeter than sucrose. It’s very stable in acid, heat and other conditions. At room temperature, the storage half-life is 5 years in aqueous solution with pH value of 5-8. The pH value of solution to concentration 5% is 5.6, the taste closed to sugar, sweet fast, durable and safe. Part with alitame drinks after long time storage there would be some incompatible phenomena, sensory analysis showed that with significant sulfur smell.

Thaumatin
Thaumatin is a special kind of natural sweetener. Its sweetness is very high. The characteristics of thaumatin are cover up the bitter taste with a special flavoring and has synergism with other sweeteners and raw materials.

Monellin
Monellin is a kind of sweetener, 2500 ~ 3000 times as sweeter as sucrose.

Sucralose
The sweetness of sucralose is 600 times of sucrose. The features of this sweetener are no energy and pure sweet, high sweetness, high security and so on.

Saccharin
The sweetness of saccharin is 300 to 500 times of sucrose, it is not absorbed by human. Saccharin is stable in various food production processes. The disadvantage of saccharin is poor flavor, with after bitter which make its application limited.

Sodium cyclamate
Sodium cyclamate is a commonly used sweetener, the sweetness is 30 ~ 40 times of sucrose. If consumers regularly eat excessive amount of sodium cyclamate in beverages or other food, will be damage liver and nervous system on the human body due to excessive intake, especially on weakly metabolic detoxification of the elderly, pregnant women, children will have more obvious hazards.

Ansai honey
Features: pure sweet, sweeter than sucrose; the sweetness is 200 ~ 250 times of sucrose; soluble in water; no heat; synergy: mixed with other sweeteners can produce a strong synergistic effect, the general concentration increased 30% to 50% of the sweetness; high stable.